1 00:00:03,830 --> 00:00:02,070 this spindle neuron concept is one that 2 00:00:05,430 --> 00:00:03,840 there is neuron which is identified in 3 00:00:06,470 --> 00:00:05,440 several different species humans being 4 00:00:08,470 --> 00:00:06,480 one of them 5 00:00:09,990 --> 00:00:08,480 and it has been hypothesized that that 6 00:00:12,870 --> 00:00:10,000 particular 7 00:00:16,390 --> 00:00:12,880 neuron is associated with compassion and 8 00:00:17,990 --> 00:00:16,400 with altruism and we have seen this you 9 00:00:19,830 --> 00:00:18,000 know spindle neurons in the brains of 10 00:00:22,470 --> 00:00:19,840 humpback whales um and a couple other 11 00:00:24,790 --> 00:00:22,480 species it is comparatively rare um 12 00:00:26,310 --> 00:00:24,800 whether or not it's rare because we 13 00:00:28,790 --> 00:00:26,320 haven't looked or it's rare because it's 14 00:00:31,269 --> 00:00:28,800 ecologically rare i can't speak to 15 00:00:33,510 --> 00:00:31,279 but there has been evidence in 16 00:00:36,630 --> 00:00:33,520 in the humpback whales of 17 00:00:38,709 --> 00:00:36,640 of what we perceive as as altruism um of 18 00:00:40,069 --> 00:00:38,719 selfless acts and 19 00:00:42,150 --> 00:00:40,079 and you know there's a really great 20 00:00:43,270 --> 00:00:42,160 paper about this um 21 00:00:46,229 --> 00:00:43,280 that 22 00:00:48,389 --> 00:00:46,239 i think bob pitman wrote um where there 23 00:00:49,990 --> 00:00:48,399 have been many examples that that folks 24 00:00:52,950 --> 00:00:50,000 have seen over the years of humpback 25 00:00:55,510 --> 00:00:52,960 whales intervening to protect another 26 00:00:57,270 --> 00:00:55,520 species so as killer whales would come 27 00:00:58,869 --> 00:00:57,280 in to try and predate something a 28 00:01:01,990 --> 00:00:58,879 humpback whale would come and get in 29 00:01:04,310 --> 00:01:02,000 between them and protect either 30 00:01:05,750 --> 00:01:04,320 i know in one instance it was a sunfish